I made an account on this site just to post this.
Young man, I'd like to choke you and give you a kiss on the cheek. YOU FIXED MY GAME!!!111111
+1 SUCCESS STORY!
The game I had was Phantasy Star Portable. I had just updated my PSP from 3.71 m33 to 5.00 m33 and then my savegames would not load and gives the "Corrupted" error.
When I plugged my memory onto my brother's PSP (which was still 3.71) the game would load perfectly fine! So at that I was absolutely sure its a Firmware update compatibility problem.
I spent 1 day Googling to find this forum post. But if I were to do the research you did above it'd have taken me atleast 5 days. I appreciate the effort!
Oh, some notes to the solution you provided above:
* The "Note button" is the tiny button to the left of your Select button on the PSP that looks like a tiny musical note. (Believe me I had to look for it since I never used it before)
* As for the .txt files needed to be copied to the SEPLUGINS folder on your PSP: The instructions on the FreeCheat readme file have some mistakes (Extra spaces and upper case), so, just create a text file and have this as the first line:
ms0:/FreeCheat/fc_3xx.prx
Then make 3 copies of the file, you'll now have 4 text files total. Rename them to: vsh.txt, pops.txt, game.txt, game150.txt. Then copy them to SEPLUGINS folder on your PSP
* SED is short for Save Data Encrypt Decrypt, or SaveDataE-D_cn. (I'm posting this in case download mirrors go down and you are searching for that program)
* To make your life easier. Create a folder for your Savegame Recovery project, then create these subfolders to organize your work:
1 - FreeCheat and SED programs
3 - Instructions to install Freecheat (the text files)
4 - Backup of corrupted save
6.1 - FRESH save data dump files
6.2 - FRESH save data dump files renamed
7 - FRESH save backup
9 - SED bin dump File of CORRUPT save
11 - Encryption of CORRUPT save over the FRESH save data!
Also, I think its a good idea if you could upload these 2 valuable programs to the site or to a reliable mirror, just in case.
Thanks again for everything

!